Russia

27

Jan

Joe Biden, Relations, Russia, US, Vladimir Putin

Will Russia-US relations improve?

BY: Danieal Ranjbar PEJOURNAL - Although the Kremlin has stated that Russia will establish relations with any government in the United States on an equal and fair basis, analysts believe that the future of relations between Moscow and Washington will improve due to the great differences between the two Sides. Regardless of who becomes president of the White House, differences between the United States and Russia have grown so much in recent years that there is little hope that relations between the two countries will improve, as Russian President Vladimir Putin says about bilateral relations. "Relations between Moscow and Washington…

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26

Dec

Black Sea, NATO, Russia

NATO-Russia confrontation in the Black Sea

PEJOURNAL - Recent NATO military exercises in the Black Sea, with the active participation of an advanced destroyer as well as US anti-submarine aircraft, have once again raised the issue of NATO-Russia confrontation in Eastern Europe in the media. The recent military exercise focused on "air defense and intelligence cooperation."  The history of this confrontation dates back to July 2016, when a joint NATO-Ukraine maneuver was carried out with the presence of American missile destroyers, as well as the participation of Bulgaria, France, Georgia, Norway, Romania, Spain and Turkey. Russia warned of the security consequences of the maneuver, and immediately…

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06

Dec

Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran, Karabakh, Russia, Turkey

The interests of Russia, Turkey and Iran in Karabakh crisis

PEJOURNAL - The fire of the Karabakh conflict between Azerbaijan and Armenia flared up again in the autumn of 2020. This time, Turkey has more openly supported Azerbaijan than ever before, and this has led to a more serious stance by Russia and Iran. Due to its geopolitical importance in the Caucasus region, Karabakh Conflict-Strategic Thought Institute has facilitated the presence and influence of regional and trans-regional actors. Under the pretext of the opposition of some Armenians to the Karabakh region to belong to Azerbaijan (Karabakh), the region was occupied by Armenia after the collapse of the Soviet Union. The…

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06

Dec

China, China Russia East Pipeline, CREP, gas, Russia

Russian Gas to Supply China through CREP from Dec 2020

PEJOURNAL - China Russia East Pipeline (CREP) started to transmit natural gas from Changling Station in Jilin to Yongqing Station in Hebei, and CREP mid-section was officially put into commercial service. This 1,110 kilometers mid-section started construction from July 2019 and finished the whole project in 518 days, to provide 27 mcm/d natural gas supply to North China and help Beijing to spend 2020’s cold winter. China Russia East Pipeline was set to supply 8 bcm of natural gas in its first year, but Gazprom and CNPC adjusted the schedule to 5 bcm in 2020. However, the underdeveloped natural gas…

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22

Nov

China, Donald Trump, Europe, Iran, JCPOA, Nuclear Program, Russia, SANCTIONS, Trump administration, USA

US sanctions against Iran under Trump

BY: Political Economy Journal PEJOURNAL - U.S. government under Trump imposed many sanctions on Iran to force the Islamic Republic to accept the security interests of the West. This note assesses the characteristics of these sanctions. On May 8, 2018, US President Donald Trump kept his promise to leave JCPOA. The move marked the beginning of a policy called "maximum pressure" to force Iran to negotiate favorably with the West in the nuclear, missile and regional spheres. Sanctions, number and objectives The Trump government had imposed sanctions on Iran six times before leaving JCPOA, but then imposed sanctions on Iran…

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10

Nov

ceasefire, chess game, Europe, Haftar, Libya, Libya’s Civil War, NATO, Qatar, Russia, Turkey, UN, USA

Libya’s ceasefire: the opening move of a complex chess game.

BY: Begona Arechalde On October 23, the UN body in charge of supervising the peaceful resolution of the Libya’s Civil War, UNSMIL, announced in Geneva that the warring factions have reached a ceasefire agreement. The document, that is just three pages long, summarises the next steps in the de-escalation of the conflict. The UN must monitor the correct implementation of the clauses to prevent internal disputes and third-party interests from sabotaging the progress made. Friday's agreement gives a truce to the poverty-stricken North African country, at war since the ouster of Muammar Qaddafi in a coup orchestrated by NATO and…

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08

Nov

Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan, baltic sea, gas pipeline, GERMANY, Nagorno-Karabakh, Nord Stream 2, Russia, USA

US steps up sanctions pressure on Nord Stream 2

PEJOURNAL - The construction of the Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline was stopped last December after US President Donald Trump signed a defensive policy act which included some sanctions on this project. Expressing open opposition to the construction of the gas pipeline on 15 July 2020, US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo claimed that sanctioning Nord Stream 2 sends a clear message to companies that help expand Russia’s negative influence in Europe; and the United States will not accept the contribution and participation of these countries in the Nord Stream 2 gas project and they should cease their cooperation with…

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03

Nov

Afghanistan, China, India, Iran, Pakistan, peace talks, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Taliban, USA

Desires of foreign actors in Afghanistan peace talks

PEJOURNAL - The lack of consensus among foreign actors on the Afghanistan peace talks, along with fundamental differences between the two sides, will pave the way for achieving a balance of actors' interests. Representatives of the Taliban and the Afghan government formally met for the first time since the signing of a US peace agreement with the Taliban in Qatar on September 13, 2010 to begin inter-Afghan peace talks. Although the Taliban and the Kabul government are parties to the talks, other countries in the region and beyond are both influencing the outcome of the talks and the outcome. This…

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27

Oct

China, Donald Trump, Europe, geopolitics, international relations, Joe Biden, NATO, Pooya Mirzaei, Russia, the United States, U.S. election, world order

What is the main concern of world order’s architects in the aftermath of the U.S. election?

BY: Pooya Mirzaei PEJOURNAL - The U.S. has suffered irreparable damage with the Corona crisis and its unscientific and hasty actions so world order's architects have main concern about aftermath of the U.S. election. Demonstrations against racism, the gender of which lacks political and trade union transparency and shows more of a deep social divide, will intensify in the future, and again, under the pressure of white apartheid in the United States, to bring more violence and unbridled violence with this logic again. It will show that the American social system has not structurally considered the welfare of people of…

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20

Oct

Canada, Energy, Energy Security, Natural Gas, Resource, Russia, the United States, Turkey

Natural Gas Resources and the Effect of Democracy on Resource Sharing

BY: Sibel İleana Okumuş PEJOURNAL - Turkey's recent finding natural gas reserve in Black Sea did not make a big impact because of the course of the economy and the existence of other problems. In contrast, the economic and social problems such as depreciation of Turkish lira and backwardness in terms of human rights are the subjects that being argued. This leads us to search how these resources are distributed in countries with valuable underground resources and how transparently this is done. In this context, we are going to examine the gas reserves of countries and its connection with governence,…

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